DIGITAL DATA TRANSMISSION STANDARDS USED IN AVIATION INDUSTRY
There are digital data transmission standards developed for different aircraft types and applications in the aviation industry. In order to effectively transmit analog and digital signals between transmitter and receiver systems, certain standards must be followed. In other words, computer systems must share the same language. The language type used in aircraft data transmision is defined as protocol. Civil aviation data transmission protocols are defined by ARINC (Aeronautical Radio Incorporated), while the protocol in military aircraft is defined by MIL-STD (Military Standard). Data transmission standards such as ARINC 429, ARINC 629, CSDB (Commercial Serial Digital Bus), ASCB (Avionics Serial Communication Bus) and MIL-STD 1553 have been developed for digital data transmission in aviation industry.
MIL-STD Data Transmission Standards
MIL-STD-1553 is a military standard published by the United States Department of Defense in 1973 that defines the mechanical, electrical, and functional characteristics of a serial data bus. It was originally designed as an avionic data bus for use with military avionics, but has also become commonly used in spacecraft on-board data handling (OBDH) subsystems, both military and civil.
MIL-STD-1553A was released in 1975. MIL-STD-1553B, which superseded the earlier 1975 specification MIL-STD-1553A, was published in 1978. The basic difference between the 1553A and 1553B revisions is that in the latter, the options are defined rather than being left for the user to define as required. It was found that when the standard did not define an item, there was no coordination in its use. Hardware and software had to be redesigned for each new application. The primary goal of the 1553B was to provide flexibility without creating new designs for each new user. This was accomplished by specifying the electrical interfaces explicitly so that electrical compatibility between designs by different manufacturers could be assured.
Six change notices to the standard have been published since 1978.
01-1996 MIL-STD-1553B_NOTICE-4
01-1993 MIL-STD-1553B_NOTICE-3
09-1986 MIL-STD-1553B_NOTICE-2
02-1980 MIL-STD-1553B_NOTICE-1
09-1978 MIL-STD-1553B
For example, change notice 2 in 1986 changed the title of the document from "Aircraft internal time division command/response multiplex data bus" to "Digital time division command/response multiplex data bus".
MIL-STD-1553C is the last revision made in February 2018.
This white paper; written by Feyyaz Malkoç, Design&Verification Engineer at ElectraIC; summarizes the updates between the B and C revisions of MIL-STD-1553.
REFERENCES:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIL-STD-1553
http://everyspec.com/MIL-STD/MIL-STD-1500-1599/MIL-STD-1553C_55783/
https://uteddergi.com/u%C3%A7ak-%C3%BCzerinde-kullanilan-sayisal-veri-iletim-standartlari/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270685117_Aviation_Data_Transmission-Moving_from_Electrical_to_Optical_Domain_Review_of_ARINC_429_and_629_Standards
